fayalalebrun

Apparently Voodoo cards defaulted to 1.3 gamma instead of the standard 2.2. I wonder why that is, since it theory using a non-standard gamma would just reduce your color range with no real benefit.

This is definitely fixable in the design though by looking at the DAC gamma register. I'll do so once I get to the scan-out implementation on the DE-10 Nano.

This fits and runs in a DE-10 Nano without too much difficulty, uses around 70% of the fabric. I've been working on timing closure and just got it to 50 MHz.

Note that I also implemented cache components not present in the original Voodoo in order to be more flexible in terms of the memory that can be used. So it could be quite a bit smaller, maybe 50% of the fabric if you got rid of that.

You do have a nice point here. Then the compute unit can simply stall the commands coming out of the register bank. Without this I need to stall the write FIFO, which feels less elegant and has given me some pain in terms of combinational loops. The drawback though is that you have to duplicate a significant amount of registers in the compute unit.

Thank you! These things do pack in a ridiculous amount of functionality for what they do. Probably why they look so good but also why it took 30 years for a hardware re-implementation.

Maybe I'm misunderstanding, but that functionality is implemented in another component. The register bank only records the category of each register and implements the memory-mapped register functionality.

This list of registers and their categories are then imported in separate components which sit between incoming writes and the register bank. The advantage is that everything which describes the properties of the registers is in a single file. You don't have to look in three different places to find out how a register behaves.

Do you have any other examples where systolic arrays are suitable other than matrix multiplication? As far as I am aware, other problems require different systolic architectures. So I am curious whether you are talking about a general purpose architecture.

As a result of a flaw in the protocol itself or in its implementation?

This is a common misconception, but is not the case. For example, look at the Voodoo 1, 2, and 3, which also used fixed point numbers internally but did not suffer from this problem.

The real issue is that the PS1 has no subpixel precision. In other words, it will round a triangle coordinates to the nearest integers.

Likely the reason why they did this is because then you can completely avoid any division and multiplication hardware, with integer start and end coordinates line rasterization can be done completely with addition and comparisons.