Frameworks are also very useful. They can provide a tested database layer that prevents SQL injection, form data validation and escaping, straight-forward MVC structure, and a library of common functions that are well tested and help developers avoid common mistakes.
Ideally, a framework would have some basic elements and then additional components that can be included if required by a project but aren't core to the framework.
Ideally, a framework would have some basic elements and then additional components that can be included if required by a project but aren't core to the framework.