povik
Joined 10 years ago
Joined 10 years ago
> These companies only offer closed versions of their powerful models (despite the word "open" in "OpenAI"). You pay them for chat and/or API access, and they are allowed to look at everything you do.
How should I reconcile this claim with 'Google Vertex' and 'Amazon Bedrock' being offered as providers with zero data retention on https://openrouter.ai/anthropic/claude-opus-5.5#providers?
Perhaps they may enforce a knowledge cut-off for information retrieval and price the service based on how recent the cut-off is, and also use the cut-off as a way to guard their advantage on the markets.
> I wonder how they model the energy output of the speakers.
Simple. The speaker codecs (special made for Apple, but e.g. compatible to https://www.ti.com/product/TAS2764) give you current/voltage measurements you can calculate the power from. It's what they call I/V sense.
> In principle you could have a function that calculates the energy of the spectrum and integrate that over time.
Right. You don't want to do the calculation in frequency domain since that would be wasteful. You can integrate the power of the samples straight away (here by multiplying the instantaneous voltage and current, if we didn't have that, we could at least estimate it by assuming a constant resistance of the speaker coils).
> If you put out too much energy, what do you do? Reduce the overall volume, apply a frequency cutoff, or a low-pass-filter?
You model the coil's temperature. If it comes near a dangerous level, you reduce the volume on the particular speaker. You don't need to worry too much about this since usually you don't hit the limits, you are merely guarding against especially nasty sound input.
> I feel there are so many variables here, and it is going to be hard to replicate what Apple does.
We don't need to replicate what Apple does. Though we are stealing the parameters for the coil temperature model Apple is using (at least for some machines).
That's simply not true.
Source: wrote a couple of drivers for M1 (now upstreamed in mainline Linux) that work without a single change on M1 Pro and M2
Not really, that's a property of any quantum particle, bosons also. They don't occupy a single point in space like you would imagine classical particles do. They also cannot occupy a single point in space relative to another particle.
> It's a fermion, but why should it be?
Well there's the spin-statistics theorem in quantum field theory which starts from some likely assumptions and then shows that particles with non-integral spin must be fermions while particles with integral spin must be bosons. Other than that I take it simply as an experimental fact. I don't think there's a nice reason for it one could give (today, that is).
My (student of physics) answer to that would be that they are pretty much collapsed as much as they can. It’s just that under quantum mechanics that least energetic state is not the one in which the electron is perfectly co-localized with the positive charge. (As that perfect co-localization is not even physically attainable.)
EDIT: strangely Azure shows up as ZDR on openai's models but not anthropic's: https://openrouter.ai/openai/gpt-6.1-sol#providers