SnowflakeOnIce

I worked on a system a couple years ago with a BERT-based model (64M parameters) used for classification. The rest of the system could process data at gigabytes per second, and so here tokenization at a measly few megabytes per second really slowed things down. The model inference was more expensive than tokenization, but tokenization was still >10% of total runtime.

It's not just cosmic radiation or improperly built computers that result in bit flips. Row hammer is a thing :)

Logout functionality is not the only use case for token invalidation. Another significant one is to revoke a token that has been exposed, like inadvertently pushed to GitHub. In that case you want to invalidate the token to a avoid unauthorized access to your service.

With vanilla JWTs, you have no way to do this! But then if you add revocation checking on top (which people do), your JWTs are no longer stateless.

Your general point here is reasonable. But to provide some domain knowledge context: secrets are leaked _very_ often!

In public data (source code on GitHub, etc.) you can expect a prevalence somewhere in the range of 0.5-2.5 live secrets per gigabyte of content. Now yes, there are more than 8 billion people on earth now and the murder prevalence is a lot higher than 0.5-2.5 per billion. But there are _far_ more bytes of public content than there are people on earth, so in absolute terms, there are far more leaked secrets than murders.

If you look at other types of data (like internal Git forges), the prevalence is much higher.

I think you could indeed retire with $1 per leaked secret!

Suppose you have access to certain memory. If you repeatedly read from that memory, can't you still corrupt/alter the physically adjacent memory you don't have access to? Does it really need to be a write operation you repeatedly perform?

Example: A workstation or consumer GPU used both for rendering the desktop and running some GPGPU thing (like a deep neural network)

How is it a write-only attack vector?

> Lexing, parsing and even type checking are interleaved in most C++ compilers due to the ambiguous nature of many construct in the language. > > It is very hard to profile only one of these in isolation. And even with compiler built-in instrumentation, the results are not very representative of the work done behind.

Indeed, precise cost attribution is difficult or impossible due to how the nature of the language imposes structure on industrial computers. But that aside, you still end up easily with hundreds of megabytes of source to deal with in each translation unit. I have so many scars from dealing with that...

A simple hello world in C++ can pull in dozens of megabytes of header files.

Years back I worked at a C++ shop with a big codebase (hundreds of millions of LOC when you included vendored dependencies). Compile times there were sometimes dominated by parsing speed! Now, I don't remember the exact breakdown of lexing vs parsing, but I did look at it under a profiler.

It's very easy in C++ projects to structure your code such that you inadvertently cause hundreds of megabytes of sources to be parsed by each single #include. In such a case, lexing and parsing costs can dominate build times. Precompiled headers help, but not enough...

> Well, the current generation of LLMs blow away that Turing Test

Maybe a weak version of Turing's test?

Passing the stronger one (from Turing's paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence") involves an "average interrogator" being unable to distinguish between human and computer after 5 minutes of questioning more than 70% of the time. I've not seen this result published with today's LLMs.

A lot of AI-based PDF processing renders the PDF as images and then works directly with that, rather than extracting text from the PDF programmatically. In such systems, text that was hidden for human view would also be hidden for the machine.

Though surely some AI systems do not use PDF image rendering first!

"String interning" is discussed in the Java Language Spec, going back to the 1990s, and wasn't novel there. It goes back at least to Lisp implementations from the 1970s. Probably even earlier than that.

Yes, this was my own experience!

When looking at universities, when I saw a high sticker price, I ignored that university, even if in hindsight I had a good chance of being accepted.

I wish I had had someone when I was young who encouraged me to have broader horizons.