CosmoWenman
Joined 2 years ago
Joined 2 years ago
Re: a hypothetical LLM: French FOI law covers all document formats. The CADA and courts have routinely recognized that documents produced by the government in formats such as audio recordings, x-rays, photographs (of submerged shipwrecks, no less), application source code, and computer algorithms may be considered administrative documents, communicable to the public.
So, if the French government produced an LLM and front end then, yes, that LLM model and its front end would be an administrative document, in principle communicable to the public. To me that does not seem improper or difficult or strange to imagine.
"In the short term, the project to put all of the Rodin Museum’s digital collections online in 2D and 3D will enhance the dissemination of the work of this world-renowned artist."
In one of our briefs in the Conseil d'Etat we asserted (and, I think, well supported) that the museum's refusal to communicate its scans to me constituted an infringement of my freedom of expression as defined in Article 10 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. In some circumstances, this opens up the possibility of appealing the CE's decision in the European Court of Human Rights.
We have not done a deep analysis of that possibility in light of the specific way the CE handled the case. It's an open question. However, given our limited time and resources, it is unlikely we would have the means to pursue it further.
We omitted this Article 10 argument until the very end, since from the outset I wanted to take an "everyman" position without any special circumstances or pleas about end-uses. When we did finally present the Article 10 free expression argument, we detailed my own work and intentions for disseminating the scans to the public.
I can tell you that the Article 10 argument seemed to really alarm the Rodin Museum. They responded to it at length. I would say they did a poor job of responding to it, but they certainly seemed concerned by it.
You can read our Article 10 argument here, in English or French, in sections IV and V: https://cosmowenman.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/040_20250...
Re: "Weird" documents: The CADA and courts have routinely recognized that documents in formats such as audio recordings, x-rays, photographs (of submerged shipwrecks, no less), video, application source code, and computer algorithms may be considered administrative documents, communicable to the public. FWIW, a 3D scan being an administrative document doesn't seem weird at all to me, nor did it seem weird to the many government attorneys at the CADA analyzing the issue, nor to the cultural heritage and open source and digital rights experts and advocates who joined my case, nor to the Paris court.
The Conseil d'Etat did not even say that scans could not be administrative documents, or that that would be weird; they just ruled that these documents in particular were akin to physical works and therefore part of the museum's inalienable collection, and so were outside FOI law.
As does my presentation, "The Archetypes Burst In": https://cosmowenman.substack.com/p/the-archetypes-burst-in
From FREEDOM OF INFORMATION IN FRANCE, LAW AND PRACTICE, Dr. Yseult Marique (Essex/Speyer), Dr. Emmanuel Slautsky (Université libre de Bruxelles) https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3033917
Page 19: "Before 2005 the reuse for commercial purposes of documents disclosed under the FOIA was restricted. Since 2005 and the implementation of Directive 2003/98/EC a right to reuse public information contained in administrative documents for purposes other than those for which the documents were initially prepared or received by the authority has been established under the conditions currently set out in book III of the CRPA. This right to reuse is made more effective by the fact that, whenever public information is electronically disclosed, it must be disclosed in an open standard that can easily be reused and automatically processed. This is important as inadequate standards significantly limit the possibilities for reusing administrative documents … The reuse of public information is normally free of charge. This principle is one of the main measures adopted in recent years in France to encourage the reuse of public information as part of the French policy of open data within the public sector. Public bodies are therefore compelled to allow economic operators to reuse valuable data generated in the public sector freely."
Page 39: "The FOIA has failed to trigger a revolution in how citizens request access to administrative documents. There is a fair number of requests. Sometimes these requests touch highly sensistive political matters (e.g. access to financial information related to President Sarkozy’s electoral campaing, Areva’s security failure etc.). However, all in all, the FOIA seems to be only used in marginal cases. The FDRA sought to bring a deep shake-up here. It sought to develop a stronger market logic with a clear demand-side and a clear offer-side to administrative data and documents. The pioneering idea that France seeks to put forward is that administrative information is economically valuable and that putting this information on the web will spur actors to use it, analyse it, dig into databases and eventually make valuable use of this newly acquired knowledge (i.e. because of economic uses or thanks to calling public bodies into account)."
See: https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/29/arts/design/museums-mull-...
"The curiosity aroused by the content and quality of the digital image and the 3D model will encourage Internet users to come and discover the sculptor’s work in its museum setting."
"In the short term, the project to put all of the Rodin Museum’s digital collections online in 2D and 3D will enhance the dissemination of the work of this world-renowned artist."
Moreover, the Ministry of Culture's call for projects expressly emphasized that one of the main objectives of this program was to promote "free and open consultation of digital cultural resources for all Internet users"
(These statements are from the museum's applications and the Ministry's call for digitization projects, which are linked in the body of my story.)
And, IMO, Auguste Rodin's wishes (real or imaginary) are utterly irrelevant. I don't mean to dismiss the sentiment motivating people's desire to respect an artist's perceived wishes, but in practical terms they are usually, and in this case definitely and in every respect, completely irrelevant.