Almost nobody can. Some people think they can, and charge forward with it, but rarely do they produce something that actually works. Usually, they bang on it and test it and cargo-cult it until it works, then convince themselves that it's from 'first principles'.
Even if it were a common ability to produce engineering work from written design principles, I'm not certain that's what we want. Experimentation is the key to science. You have to observe, change, guess, run, observe, change, observe until you can successfully predict what will happen for each change you make. The scientific method is taught to everyone, even if most ignore it and skip steps. 'Guess/check' is the correct way to do real-world engineering and design, not pure-logic simulation, because we still don't know all the first principles.
Even if it were a common ability to produce engineering work from written design principles, I'm not certain that's what we want. Experimentation is the key to science. You have to observe, change, guess, run, observe, change, observe until you can successfully predict what will happen for each change you make. The scientific method is taught to everyone, even if most ignore it and skip steps. 'Guess/check' is the correct way to do real-world engineering and design, not pure-logic simulation, because we still don't know all the first principles.