Recent submissions

Comment · 1 day ago
AFAICT there are several things that affect the size of the model:

1. the number of transformer layers -- e.g. each layer adds the ability to provide more information to the residual stream [1], [2]; each layer is `tokens * features * active context`

2. the number of tokens -- the more tokens there are the more word fragments and Unicode characters you can represent

3. the number of features assigned for a token -- these are used to associate trained semantic information for the token; with the active context this can encode contextual information for that token (the idea being that the model can differentiate senses of a word like "bank" depending on its context, so "bank (river)" will have different weights than "bank (building for money)")

4. the active context -- this is the number of `token * features` to include when predicting the next token

One of the key features of LLMs and transformer architectures is that training across different languages helps the model learn the underlying concepts and associations, so training on English only would lose that.

A better approach may be something like a byte architecture or a model where the tokenization is trained with the model (similar to vision and audio) instead of as a separate step. Or maybe training smaller models longer to take advantage of double descent [3], [4].

[1] https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385 "Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition"

[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgH9sr7G13Q "The most cited paper of the century is a brilliant hack"

[3] https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.10459 "Understanding the Double Descent Phenomenon in Deep Learning"

[4] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z64a7USuGX0 "What the Books Get Wrong about AI [Double Descent]"

Comment · 2 days ago
It's interesting how all the recent SOTA models are in the 1T-3T range. This even has a large number of active parameters (A52B). It is also likely that OpenAI, Anthropic, et. al. have similar sized models.

This has two effects: 1) it prevents effective use of these models on consumer-grade hardware; and 2) it pushes the requirements to train and run these models on existing and future data centres, making them more expensive to run.

It would be nice to have more slimmer models and more active research that isn't just "let's throw more compute at the problem". Maybe they'll train smaller models from the large model like Qwen have done in the past.

Comment · 2 days ago
It's easier to call someone a bot or other names than to engage with them or to try and understand their point of view.

We're increasingly pushed into different groups and sides with little to no toleration of each other. It's been progressing more over the past 10-15 years in the UK, US, and possibly elsewhere.

Comment · 2 days ago
I think it's a combination of both...

Before AI people would still try asking questions on SO despite the hostility because it was the only/main place to get answers. Over this time, SO popularity was deteriorating.

After AI people who had bad experiences with asking questions on SO would ask the AI instead. This is because the AI wouldn't mark your question as a duplicate, wouldn't question its validity [1], etc. It would just answer your question. You could even ask it follow-up questions if the answer wasn't quite what you were looking for. All of this in real time, not waiting to get an answer.

[1] Unless the question triggered the safety gates that the AI companies have in place.

Comment · 5 days ago
Comment · 5 days ago
And with light/dark mode support and CSS variables the colours in a print mode should be easy to define and support.

So you're primarily left with hiding content that shouldn't be printed (like navigation or menu buttons), defining page breaks, and some other quality of life changes for printing.

Comment · 5 days ago
Printing also covers things like exporting to PDF, or rendering in an eBook format (EPUB, Kindle, etc.) for reading the content offline while travelling, etc.
Comment · 10 days ago
Comment · 13 days ago
Comment · 13 days ago
There are three return states that a parser (or partial parser) can return:

1. an item (`T`) for a successful parse;

2. an error (`ParseError`) for an unrecoverable parse error;

3. a partial item (`T with ParseError`) for a recoverable parse error or warning (known statically).

You may also want to differentiate between:

1. leaf nodes (numbers, identifiers, string literals, etc.);

2. composite/nested nodes (addition, multiplication, variable assignment, etc.).

Comment · 14 days ago
The A3B part of that model means that each "expert" in the mixture of experts (MOE) model use 3B parameters. At 4-bit quant, you can fit 2 parameters per byte. That gives you 1.5GB per expert (plus a bit for overhead), which makes it usable on an 8GB card.

It's all about trade-offs: how much of the model you want to load into VRAM; how much VRAM you want to reserve for context; how much quantization you/the model can tolerate; how many tokens/second you can tolerate; whether you want to use the VRAM for anything else (graphics, Text-to-Speech, etc.); etc.

Comment · 15 days ago
Comment · 15 days ago
Comment · 15 days ago
Comment · 16 days ago
Stonking is British slang for large/huge/etc. For example, "Labour won by a stonking majority."

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