ocf

The root cause does not appear (at this stage) to be the same: incorrect maintenance in AA191 as opposed to fatigue cracking here.

Where does this report say proper maintenance would have prevented the incident?

When did you last try it? The scenery and GPS/FMC has come a long way in the last 20 years I've been an X-Plane casual, but not so sure how much of that was in the last few.

Neither Visa nor Mastercard really implement ISO 8583 a standardized way. Which means they each issue many thousands of pages of documentation covering not only which of the standard fields they use and how, but also how they cram their proprietary data into the messages. Most card management/issuance platforms do a decent job of abstracting this away though.

Transition to ISO 20022 would be a positive improvement, but I don't think it will ever meet the required ROI threshold (globally) for that to happen.