maxnoe

Many US institutions seem to have used eMudhra as a cert provider, including Cornell, and the U of Michigan, Maryland and Chicago.

Check InCommon Certificate Service.

> And probably most pertinent to this discussion, Pauli predicted Neutrinos before they were detected.

Because of the experimental result of missing energy in the beta radiation spectrum.

Bone of these were "pure thought experiments" as you describe. Many were side effects, new predictions of theories to address other experimental results, but none of them happened in isolation.

You simply don't make predictions about the real world in "pure thought experiments".

We know this because

- In the beginning, for the first couple of events, only because they have way higher energies than anything in the solar system could produce - By now, with enough data collected, their origin correlates very well with the milky way - we are close to identifying several far away galaxies as well

This is the significance. Contrary to some statements published today, IceCube was not primarily built to study Neutrinos, it was built to study the universe using Neutrinos.

That's why we care where they are coming from, we want to learn about the astrophysical objects that produce them.

> The application must be able to restore or regenerate the data

That's a break of the contract then, right? The application was not able to regenerate or restore.

Cache is the wrong place for a persistent undo file.

Cherenkov radiation is UV to visible blue light, it travels at the speed of light in the medium, which is lower than the speed of light in vacuum.

Only the charged particle that induces the emission travels faster than the local speed of light.

Astronauts have reported having difficulty sleeping due to cosmic-ray-induced Cherenkov flashes in their eye bulbs.

Neutrinos are neutral particles, they do not carry an electromagnetic charge. They thus do not cause any Cherenkov light themselves.

What Neutrino detector measure is the Cherenkov light emitted by secondary particles that are created when a Neutrino interacts with the matter inside the detector.

E.g. a muon Neutrino reacts with a water molecule producing a muon, which is a charged particle and thus emits Cherenkov light.

The article has a section about what it can be used for, but only mentions the uses of the IAEA.

Of course I am biased because I work in the field, but the by far most wide reaching application of Cherenkov radiation is in the detection of high energy particles, particularly in astrophysics.

- Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes detect the Cherenkov radiation emmited in the atmosphere when a high energy cosmic ray or gamma ray creates an air shower

- Water Cherenkov Detectors detect Cherenkov light when the secondary particles of these air showers reach water tanks on the ground

- Neutrino telescopes like kamiokande, Icecube and km3net detect Cherenkov radiation in water or ice produced by secondary particles produced by the rare interactions of Neutrinos in their detector volumes

Modern, high energy astrophysics is all about detecting different kinds of Cherenkov radiation and then reconstructing the original particle properties.

Because he composed the anthem?

Who blatantly ripped that off from Karl Marx...