lann

Yes.

Clearly they are referring to the years 1029 and 1032 (decimal). I just want to know what calendar system they're using...

This comment really assumes you know the acronym LLM

One specific example: many languages use randomized seeds in builtin dict/map types, leading to randomized iteration order.

Sarcastic replies can be fine. Sarcastic replies when you clearly didn't read the article are just annoying.

Nationally yes, but states can do it independently (piecemeal).

Top-2 is a primary system, not a voting system. When combined with (essentially a generalized version of) FPTP you get most of the same problems.

Or actually radical: switch from our terrible first-past-the-post voting system to - say - ranked choice (or one of many alternatives; they're almost all better than fptp) and then primaries won't be so important and parties won't have so much power over our kinda-democratic-but-actually-oligarchic political system.

The answer depends on the specific CRDT algorithm in use. For complex data structures like the ones behind collaborative text editing your intuition that the updates end up looking hierarchical is generally correct.

It is probably an error message on a very unlikely failure path / assertion. Those sorts of messages are effectively just comments.

A bit of a tangent, but board members (and company officers) do not in general have a specific duty to maximize shareholder profit. They have a duty of care (think carefully about decisions) and a duty of loyalty (act in the best interests of the company as a whole). Those could lead reasonably to a profit-maximizing decision but it isn't a straight line.