fr0sty
Joined 17 years ago
Joined 17 years ago
If your goal is to be "conversational" in CW I suggest you crank up the character speed until you are not able to count individual dits/dahs anymore. This will probably be somewhere in the 25-35WPM range. The goal is "instant character recognition" where you hear the sound/shape of the entire character rather than counting elements, assembling them in your head, and doing a mental hash lookup on the result.
If you have trouble receiving or copying down the 5letter groups at this speed resist the temptation to add "farnsworth" spacing (extra gaps between letters). Instead increase the word spacing until you have enough down time in between to get everything copied.
You have a good source for this? I see claims like this every time a discussion of this sort and they rarely come with any citations.
"The legal definition of assault is an intentional act that gives another person reasonable fear that they'll be physically harmed or offensively touched. No physical contact or injury has to actually occur, but the accused person must have intentionally acted in a way to cause that fear."
https://vindicatelaw.com/assault-vs-battery-are-they-the-sam...
Such "Oral History" articles were quite popular for a time* and the fist time I encountered this article it still had its original title. I'm sad that it was not retained since the url now gives away the punchline.
* https://www.vulture.com/article/an-oral-history-of-disney-th...
[0] https://insideevs.com/news/317236/first-bmw-i3-electric-car-...
I think a more efficient solution would be series-hybrids with small onboard generators for range extension. Minimize weight/cost of the battery pack while maintaining the ability to drive cross-country without frequent charging stops.
> "Rail freight activity in Europe, measured in tonne-kilometers, grew from 339 Billion tonne-km in 2003 to 398Billion tonne-km in 2019" Page 14
https://erfarail.eu/uploads/The%20European%20Rail%20Freight%...
The US rail network also >2x longer than Europe[3] (360,000km vs 151,000km).
[1] https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php...
[2] https://www.statista.com/statistics/198443/us-class-i-freigh...
[3] https://www.floridarail.com/news/6-key-differences-between-a...
Most derailments are in train yards. Few cause injuries, fewer cause deaths, and only a handful involve hazardous substances. I don't say that to downplay the mess in OH/PA, but just to make sure the base-rate is understood.
And if you want to compare to europe it looks like US freight rail volume is at least 6x as large. Also no idea if/how they count "fender bender" derailments in switching yards. US standard is >$12k in damage according to TFA.
Implementing a mental dit/dah decoder + lookup table is the shortest path to being able to decode written CW ` _ . ___ _ ` but it will cause you problems trying to receive faster CW since you can't count, assemble, lookup fast enough to receive at more than 5-8WPM. And even then you are generally doing "keyboard copy" where you write down the letters as you hear them and then go back to actually read the message you received later.