aidanf
Joined 19 years ago
Joined 19 years ago
Each vector is an array of n floats that represent a location of a thing in an n-dimensional space. The idea of learning an embedding is that you have some learning process that will put items that are similar into similar parts of that vector space.
The vectors don’t necessarily need to represent words and the model that produces them doesn’t necessarily to be a language model.
For example, embeddings are widely used to generate recommendations. Say you have a dataset of users clicking on products on a website. You could assume that products that get clicked in the same session are probably similar and use that dataset to learn an embedding for products. This would give you vector representing each product. When you want to generate recommendations for a product, you take the vector for that product and then search through the set of all product vectors to find those that are closest to it in the vector space.
But I would say that for recommendations, searching the vectors is the easy part. The main work in getting good recommendations is generating a good set of product vectors in the first place. The quality of the recommendations is directly related how you generate the vectors. You could use one of the many open-source language models to generate vectors, but typically that approach isn’t very good for product recommendations. It will just give you items that are textually similar, and this usually doesn’t give good product recommendations.
To get good product recommendations you’d probably want to build a custom embedding that captures some notion of product similarity during training using some signals you get from user behaviour. E.g. things like products clicked in the same session, or added to cart at the same time, gives a signal on product similarity that you can use to train a product embedding for recommendations.
This is a bit more involved, but the main work is in generating the training data. Once you have that you can use open source tools such as fasttext [4] to learn the embedding and output the product vectors. (Or if you want to void training your own embedding, I’d guess that there are services that will take your interaction data and generate product vectors from them, but I’m not familiar with any).
[1] https://github.com/elixir-nx/ex_faiss
[2] https://dockyard.com/blog/2023/01/04/search-and-clustering-w...
[3] https://dockyard.com/blog/2023/01/11/semantic-search-with-ph...
Ireland's corporate tax rate is 12.5%. It is one of the lowest in Europe but certainly not 0%.
See the Show HN rules here: https://news.ycombinator.com/showhn.html
"Show HN is for something you've made that other people can play with. HN users can try it out, give you feedback, and ask questions in the thread.
On topic: things people can run on their computers or hold in their hands. For hardware, you can post a video or detailed article. For books, a sample chapter is ok.
Off topic: blog posts, sign-up pages, newsletters, lists, and other reading material. Those can't be tried out, so can't be Show HNs. Make a regular submission instead. "
That's quite a bit below best in class: http://www.euroncap.com/en/ratings-rewards/best-in-class-car...
If you have the money for a Tesla you then you would be crazy not to put your kids in a Volvo (if safety is your priority).
From the first link below: "They do make a compelling case that A/B testing is superior to one particular not very good bandit algorithm, because that particular algorithm does not take into account statistical significance.
However, there are bandit algorithms that account for statistical significance."
* https://www.chrisstucchio.com/blog/2012/bandit_algorithms_vs...
* https://www.chrisstucchio.com/blog/2015/dont_use_bandits.htm...
In practice, if you're based outside of the EU then you can probably just ignore these regulations (many smaller US sellers seem to be taking this approach). It's hard to imagine the EU tax authorities chasing you down.
The software is awesome for the purposes of writing the book. The reason I didn't go with softcover as a selling platform is that the new EU VAT rules came in and as a result I had to use someone that supported those new VAT collection rules.
So I ended up using softcover to generate the ebooks and html, but using gumroad (and leanpub) to sell them. So it's totally feasible to use softcover for writing your book but self-host the resulting html and keep control of your sales data etc.
> This package is not written for speed. It is meant to serve as a working example of an artificial neural network. As such, there is no GPU acceleration. Training using only the CPU can take days or even weeks. The training time can be shortened by reducing the number of updates, but this could lead to poorer performance on the test data. Consider using an exising machine learning package when searching for a deployable solution.
It seems the main aim of this software is educational, not production use.
Uber often seems to seek to bypass that regulation because, eh, disruption. I would expect any city to do something when faced with a private corporation attempting to flout their laws for profit. Doing so is in no way correlated with any measure of how corrupt that city is.
* BigML https://bigml.com/
* Dato https://dato.com/
* Amazon Machine Learning http://aws.amazon.com/machine-learning/
* Google Prediction API https://cloud.google.com/prediction/docs
* Azure Machine Learning http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/machine-learning/
Whether or not any of them are better than the others - it depends on what you're trying to do. Different services have different strengths and capabilities, so whether or not any of them are suitable depends on the task you're working on.