_dps

Russia provides something like 20% of global wheat supply, something like 15% of global agricultural supplement input, and something like 12.5% of global oil/gas. They also have an enormous intellectual human capital history — the soviet era physicists and mathematicians were definitely peers to their western counterparts, which is to say nothing of their literature. And finally, they have top-tier homegrown armaments in nuclear, submarines, ICBMs, fighter aircraft, and so on.

I think any metric (e.g. GDP) that reduces this multidimensional situation to "mostly irrelevant" is probably saying more about the metric than about the reality on the ground.

You raise an important distinction, but one thing I've always found to be troublesome with K-H is that I've never seen a discussion of whether the winners would have undertaken their profitable behavior but-for the high level of profit. Perhaps if the gentrifiers (as just one example) faced a gentrification tax to fund the lives of people displaced they would not have considered the deal good enough to gentrify in the first place.

I'm not saying this is necessarily true, but it seems like a major problem with K-H as a concept that I personally don't see discussed (I imagine it is discussed in academic journals somewhere).

Two likely contributors:

1) due to population effects, academic positions are much more competitive now than they were in say 1970; if you figure that the top 50 research universities are not generally expanding the number of professors, and that new professors generally also come from those top 50 research universities, then on average a top-50-research-university professor will generate one new such professor in a career, despite having 10-100x as many graduate students (this was different in the 70s when the university system was rapidly expanding).

2) the increasing desire for fairness in hiring and promotion (by itself, a good thing) means that you need to be able to resolve hiring and promotion disputes with something both objective and external to the university (in the same way some undergraduate institutions put more admissions weight on external and objective metrics like standardized tests compared to more easily game-able internal metrics like high school class grades)

As mainly a bottom-up person, I completely agree with your analysis but I wonder if you might be using "top-down architecture" here in an overloaded way?

My personal style is bottom up, maximally direct code, aiming for monolithic modules under 10kloc, combined with module coupling over very narrow interfaces. Generally the narrow interfaces emerge from finding the "natural grain" of the module after writing it, not from some a priori top-down idea of how the communication pathways should be shaped.

Edit: an example of a narrow interface might be having a 10kloc quantitative trading strategy module that communicates with some larger system only by reading off a queue of things that might need to be traded, and writing to a queue of desired actions.

I think you've misunderstood what I meant; I mean incentives for businesses to pay their people more (or to offer something like apprenticeships).

As for status not being lowered by words, we'll have to agree to disagree. No one in practice (in the US) calls medical school "vocational school" precisely because it is a phrase associated with lower status work in the trades.

I worry that believing the jobs are not coming back is a self-fulfilling prophecy – one with dangerous consequences of locking its believers into perpetual dependence on supply from places that act essentially as sin externalization depots.

If $2/hr vs $10/hr is indeed the thing preventing repair being economical , that seems like it can be fixed with a mixture of incentives, apprenticeship contracts, and elevating the social status of "vocational education" (the name exists IMO only to serve as status-lowering). Or if not one of those, then some other untried thing.

Edit: as sibling comments mention, if in fact the main limitation is not labor prices but exclusive-supply agreements for certain consumable parts, then this seems easily within the scope of Antitrust to address.

In the three European countries I've lived in (2 in EU + UK), licensed engineers must sign off on new building construction plans, and take responsibility for the suitability of the design.

I don't know what kind of latency vs throughput tradeoff you're facing, but given these constraints (and being on windows) I might try running multiple python processes each with the C++ structure in shared memory, and then broker any inter-python shared state through something like Redis on localhost (so as long as the inter-python shared state is small and rarely updated, you only pay a small IPC cost to get it from Redis instead of having it in-process).

I don't know if Kelley would agree with my characterization, but I don't see comptime as metaprogramming. Instead it opens the very interesting possibility of having types as values, as long as those values are resolvable at compile time. This lets you do things that feel like metaprogramming (e.g. making a generic container structure) but it seems a better conceptual fit to me that you're programming with types as values rather than generating code from a template or macro.

This is a very large gap, but as someone who has recently had four appraisals done in the space of 6 months (long story), I have had a swing of 40% from the highest to the lowest (in all cases house was unchanged, and appraiser saw me in person each time).

Appraisal is very difficult to do well, and different appraisers have different ideas about market trends (part of the reason for my wildly differing appraisals were different expectations for property appreciation in the neighborhood).

This kind of flexibility is one of the advantages of consulting/freelancing. Obviously the career security aspect is different, but in a hot hiring market there isn't a shortage of opportunities. I know several people who, as they got to more senior levels, decided to work 50% of the time for roughly 60% of their previous salary.

Money under the mattress does affect the economy, by changing its owner's willingness to part with a marginal dollar.

If I have $1k under the mattress I probably won't risk $100 on a share of CORP. If I have $100k under a mattress, I'm more willing to take a swing.

I think a very large number of people (myself included) would rather drive a 1990 Rolls Royce than a 2021 Accord, all else equal. I drove a 1990 BMW well into 2010 and I would very certainly take that car (in new condition) over a 2021 Accord today.

This model circulates a lot but I haven't understood why; it literally treats them as the same thing. The model is

outcome = idea x execution

So both are "multipliers" in the language of the model. The formula is completely symmetric in the two quantities.