Why just celebrate Science? In New Zealand our banknotes feature people famous for all kinds of achievements: $5 - Sir Edmund Hillary (Climber), $10 - Kate Sheppard (Woman's Suffrage), $50 - Sir Āpirana Ngata (Māori Culture), $100 - Lord Ernest Rutherford (Nuclear Physics).
http://www.rbnz.govt.nz/notes_and_coins/notes/