Deep convolutional neural nets are the staple method for companies doing computer vision at scale. Google, Facebook, Yahoo, and Baidu make extensive use of them. In 2014 they definitely deserve their place on the shortlist of "pretty standard machine-learning methods". They are the current state of the art for visual recognition in particular (see the results on ImageNet from the past few years).
They have also been commoditized by libraries such as Theano (Python) and Torch (Lua). Google and Facebook use their own tools based on Torch.
My own version of the shortlist would be:
Logistic regression, KNN, random forests, SVM, and deep convnets.
They have also been commoditized by libraries such as Theano (Python) and Torch (Lua). Google and Facebook use their own tools based on Torch.
My own version of the shortlist would be: Logistic regression, KNN, random forests, SVM, and deep convnets.