Some social scientists are skeptical of the validity of stereotype threat. John List, in a paper coauthored with Steven Levitt at the University of Chicago, was unable to reproduce it[1]. Some scholars suspect publication bias[2]. Also see another failure to reproduce by the Educational Testing Service[3].
[1] http://isteve.blogspot.com/2012/10/john-list-on-virtual-none...
[2] http://isteve.blogspot.com/2010/01/stereotype-threat-scienti...
[3] http://isteve.blogspot.com/2011/11/high-stakes-stereotype-th...