It is true that there is no official body of standards and measures that defines exactly where artisan begins and ends, but it seems typically that the threshold occurs when the medium changes. To stay with your example, artisan bread is generally to be considered bread that isn't prepared mechanically.
Computing saw as similar medium shift from, as it pertains to programming, mechanical switching to digital switching. And I posit that is the threshold.
But we've yet to leave the digital switching realm. We still write our programs the same way we did 50 years ago. The compilers have gotten way, way, way more featureful and smarter, but it is still the same old story: You write a program in a language the computer can interpret, feed it to a compiler (or layers of compilers), and out comes something the machine can execute.
Computing saw as similar medium shift from, as it pertains to programming, mechanical switching to digital switching. And I posit that is the threshold.
But we've yet to leave the digital switching realm. We still write our programs the same way we did 50 years ago. The compilers have gotten way, way, way more featureful and smarter, but it is still the same old story: You write a program in a language the computer can interpret, feed it to a compiler (or layers of compilers), and out comes something the machine can execute.