In case you are unfamiliar with Karpathy's Loop[1], it is a genetic algorithm[2] where the genetic "mutations" are clever-but-random ideas generated by an LLM agent, aimed at improving a system.
(1) Let the LLM randomly perturbate the system.
(2) Measure the system's performance.
(3a) If the perturbation improved performance, keep the change.
(3b) Otherwise, don't.
(4) Repeat
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithm