The above two core properties make it possible to more or less reliably reason about bit SE/CS systems from first principles. The complete absence of above two in medicine means you cannot do the same there.
I'm a doctor as well and I think your statement here is too broad. Plenty of specialists such as cardiologists, orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, etc are able to reason things from first principles. The issue is that many non-doctors may not know several key details about these systems that would let you reason through them. And even many doctors well versed in one specialty would be unable to reason about another specialty since they may not know in detail several key pieces of information from that other speciality.
I'm a doctor as well and I think your statement here is too broad. Plenty of specialists such as cardiologists, orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, etc are able to reason things from first principles. The issue is that many non-doctors may not know several key details about these systems that would let you reason through them. And even many doctors well versed in one specialty would be unable to reason about another specialty since they may not know in detail several key pieces of information from that other speciality.