I would at least keep some of the styling, it usually doesn't take up that much if you strip unused selectors and makes it so much more usable. I'd also remove the inputs and buttons (since you can't use them anyway), like on https://chop.ax/https://abc.net.au
Stuff like images, SVGs are also preserved on some sites: https://chop.ax/https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/nomicon/ind... and https://chop.ax/https://cppreference.com
A lot of the listed sites don't work and just return "Origin returned HTTP 403". Reddit also doesn't work.