Comment by dmz73

Runtime flexibility is not restricted to dynamically typed languages, it just happens to be less available in some of the popular statically typed languages. Error handling, expressiveness, testing culture, meta-programming and gradual typing have nothing to do with static vs dynamic typing. The main "advantage" of dynamically typed languages is that you can start writing code now and not thing about it too much. Then you discover all the problems at runtime...forever. Statically typed languages force you to think about what you are doing in advance a lot more which can help you avoid some structural issues. Then when you do refactor computer helps you find all the places where you need to change things. Dynamically typed languages force you to write more tests that are not required in statically typed languages and that might prompt you to write other tests but if also increases the chance you just give up when you start refactoring. Finally, after some time has passed and few updates have been applied to the language and libraries, you may not have a working project anymore. With statically typed languages you can usually find and fix all the compile errors and have the fully working project again. With dynamically typed languages, you will never know until you explore every line of code, which will usually happen at runtime and on the client computer.