Beside Zarr, there are also efforts to support different types of raster (sort of multidimensional) data such as geotiff and NetCDF. The Iceberg Geo spec was heavily influenced by the Havasu project proposed by Wherobots, which also supports that type of raster data. However, the Iceberg geo spec still only supports only geometry for now.
https://wherobots.com/building-a-spatial-data-lakehouse/