Comment by lamnguyenx

It's 2024! Please avoid writing SSH commands like that.

Instead, configure your ~/.ssh/config with LocalForward, RemoteForward, and ProxyJump. This can save you a significant amount of time, especially when using ssh, scp, or rsync to transfer data from a remote server that requires multiple intermediate SSH connections.

e.g:

    Host jump-host-1
        HostName jump1.example.com
        User your_username
        IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa

        Host jump-host-2
            HostName jump2.example.com
            User your_username
            IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
            ProxyJump jump-host-1

            Host jump-host-3
                HostName jump3.example.com
                User your_username
                IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
                ProxyJump jump-host-2

                Host target-server
                    HostName target.example.com
                    User your_username
                    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
                    ProxyJump jump-host-3
                    LocalForward 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:80  
                    RemoteForward 0.0.0.0:9022 0.0.0.0:22

    # after this:
    # - you can ssh/scp/rsync to your target-server via an alias
    # - forward traffic FROM port 80 on your target-server to port 8080 on your local machine
    # - forward ssh requests TO port 9022 on your target-server to port 22 on your local machine
    # - remember, for LocalForward & RemoteForward : 
    #   + left is target-server
    #   + right is your local
    #   + use 0.0.0.0 instead of localhost or 127.0.0.1