Why would additional spending cause sluggish economies? By definition added spending increases economic activity. You can debate the secondary effects of it but spending to gdp is more or less a direct line.
The populations are getting older, health costs will tick up, so you can expect to increase those costs. But immigration is discouraged so you have to keep your workforce healthy
The populations are getting older, health costs will tick up, so you can expect to increase those costs. But immigration is discouraged so you have to keep your workforce healthy