As a user of Kagi and search.marginalia.nu I can tell you:
Quite a bit.
So much that now that I have what "everyone" asked Google for for years - that is blacklists - I hardly use them.
Why? Because with Kagi I get much better results out of the box.
I am fairly sure Googlers will tell me there are multiple safeguards to prevent the inclusion of Google ads from affecting ranking, to which I just have to say that the results speak for themselves.
Please note: I have only used Kagi for two years. I am only one user. But I am a user with 20 years of experience with Google and that got to count for something.
Quite a bit.
So much that now that I have what "everyone" asked Google for for years - that is blacklists - I hardly use them.
Why? Because with Kagi I get much better results out of the box.
I am fairly sure Googlers will tell me there are multiple safeguards to prevent the inclusion of Google ads from affecting ranking, to which I just have to say that the results speak for themselves.
Please note: I have only used Kagi for two years. I am only one user. But I am a user with 20 years of experience with Google and that got to count for something.