You don't understand it because most, if not all, aren't arguing that Israel should "just take any attacks coming their way."
A response needs to be proportionate, and also one needs to account for the causes of the attack in the first place. People will point to things like Israeli expansion, mass surveillance, and other issues relating to Gaza as factors which need to be considered when discerning what is an appropriate response.
Now, what I just said is a very simplistic and slanted presentation, but it should suffice in demonstrating that it's not as simple as one side (the "good guys") who thinks Israel should defend itself and the other side (the "bad guys") who think Israel should allow itself to be wiped off the map by terrorists.
A response needs to be proportionate, and also one needs to account for the causes of the attack in the first place. People will point to things like Israeli expansion, mass surveillance, and other issues relating to Gaza as factors which need to be considered when discerning what is an appropriate response.
Now, what I just said is a very simplistic and slanted presentation, but it should suffice in demonstrating that it's not as simple as one side (the "good guys") who thinks Israel should defend itself and the other side (the "bad guys") who think Israel should allow itself to be wiped off the map by terrorists.