Comment by t_mann

This just feels like ex-post rationalization. It's easy to come up with a story why something failed after the fact, but that doesn't mean the theory has any weight. If you want this to be interesting, put some skin in the game and make a prediction about currently successful companies based on your theory. Otherwise, I'll have to assume that what you'd have written in 2005 was how Nokia's approach was superior to eg Palm's (fyi, dominant in the 'handheld' market in the 90's, in steady decline throughout the 00's, already had an app ecosystem of sorts).