Just to be clear, it's not turning each song into a hash.
It's turning each song into many hundreds (thousands?) of hashes.
And then you're looking for the greatest number of mostly-consecutive matches of tens (or low hundreds) of hashes from your shorter sample.
Also, I don't think this would be done with training a model today, because you're adding many, many new songs each day, that would necessitate constant retraining. Hashes are still going to be the superior approach, not just for efficiency but for robustness generally.
Just to be clear, it's not turning each song into a hash.
It's turning each song into many hundreds (thousands?) of hashes.
And then you're looking for the greatest number of mostly-consecutive matches of tens (or low hundreds) of hashes from your shorter sample.
Also, I don't think this would be done with training a model today, because you're adding many, many new songs each day, that would necessitate constant retraining. Hashes are still going to be the superior approach, not just for efficiency but for robustness generally.