Comment by nine_k

If instead of Rust you'd take its close enough relative, OCaml, but without the GC and with more low-level machine access, maybe ATS would fit your bill.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATS_%28programming_language%29

To my mind, BTW, Typescript is not that "straightforward" or "simple", but it has a pretty powerful type system, and I like that.