This is very simplistic view of the problem. This completely glosses over modularity, ABI, performance optimizations... just to name a few.
How are you going to write generic functions that take functions as arguments and re-throw the errors thrown by these functions, if you use checked exceptions? Will you require that the acceptable functions only throw exceptions that you like? -- Then your generic function is close to being worthless...
If exceptions are encoded in function's interface, then they have to be in ABI, but then you must have non-trivial types available when marshalling data between two components, so, you cannot serialize the communication using some protocol with a fixed number of types (eg. JSON and friends), because now you need to account for the infinite variety of exception types.
Because of at least these two things, what I saw happen a lot of Java / C++ projects (god blessed me with very little C# exposure) was that as soon as a developer encountered a function with checked exceptions, a wrapper was written which changed the type into a runtime exception. This is so because exceptions are supposed to be handled separately, and often the author of the function has no idea how they need to be handled -- so they want to concentrate on the main goal of the function. Once functions grow into garlands of try-catch-catch-catch-...catch the focus is lost. It becomes very hard to understand why the function was written in the first place, because the error handling takes over every other concern.
How are you going to write generic functions that take functions as arguments and re-throw the errors thrown by these functions, if you use checked exceptions? Will you require that the acceptable functions only throw exceptions that you like? -- Then your generic function is close to being worthless...
If exceptions are encoded in function's interface, then they have to be in ABI, but then you must have non-trivial types available when marshalling data between two components, so, you cannot serialize the communication using some protocol with a fixed number of types (eg. JSON and friends), because now you need to account for the infinite variety of exception types.
Because of at least these two things, what I saw happen a lot of Java / C++ projects (god blessed me with very little C# exposure) was that as soon as a developer encountered a function with checked exceptions, a wrapper was written which changed the type into a runtime exception. This is so because exceptions are supposed to be handled separately, and often the author of the function has no idea how they need to be handled -- so they want to concentrate on the main goal of the function. Once functions grow into garlands of try-catch-catch-catch-...catch the focus is lost. It becomes very hard to understand why the function was written in the first place, because the error handling takes over every other concern.