I generally see charts like this in relation to Baumol's cost disease, I'm surprised the linked article never mentions Baumol, but goes on to talk about government regulation and foreign competition.
Basically as scalable goods and services get cheaper, non-scalable goods and services become relatively more expensive. In terms of hospital services and college tuition, this is a much more intuitive explanation than government regulation, although I'm open to more informed opinions.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumol_effect (See also section on education https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumol_effect#Education)
Basically as scalable goods and services get cheaper, non-scalable goods and services become relatively more expensive. In terms of hospital services and college tuition, this is a much more intuitive explanation than government regulation, although I'm open to more informed opinions.