IMO Ruby on Rails remains the "uncomplicated" standard for building full-stack apps. Especially notion-like CRUD apps. It's fast, uncomplicated (convention over configuration), and enjoyable to write apps in once you understand the basics. I still think Ruby is an incredibly fun language to write in.
You mention that you get frustrated by modern web dev - I assume you mean the insane world of javascript frameworks. You can build entire rails apps without ever really worrying about JS these days.[^1] Hotwired lets you build fairly complex UIs and add a ton of interactivity without JS. But if you ever want to do more with JS on the frontend it's very easy to adapt rails to just about any frontend JS framework, including React and Svelte.
That said, there's comparable full-stack frameworks in many languages, and if you just want to hit the ground running you might as well use what you know. Ruby - Rails. Java - Spring. Python - Django. PHP - Laravel. You can use whatever frontend you want with any of those frameworks.
Stick with Postgres or Mysql/Maria for the database. They're tried-and-true and scale to whatever size you will ever need.
You mention that you get frustrated by modern web dev - I assume you mean the insane world of javascript frameworks. You can build entire rails apps without ever really worrying about JS these days.[^1] Hotwired lets you build fairly complex UIs and add a ton of interactivity without JS. But if you ever want to do more with JS on the frontend it's very easy to adapt rails to just about any frontend JS framework, including React and Svelte.
That said, there's comparable full-stack frameworks in many languages, and if you just want to hit the ground running you might as well use what you know. Ruby - Rails. Java - Spring. Python - Django. PHP - Laravel. You can use whatever frontend you want with any of those frameworks.
Stick with Postgres or Mysql/Maria for the database. They're tried-and-true and scale to whatever size you will ever need.
[^1]: https://hotwired.dev/