At UIUC we've been moving towards testing student programming skills in our Computer-Based Testing Facility (CBTF). This is a set of computer labs that are firewalled from the internet. Students self-schedule into testing slots at the CBTF, then at their scheduled time they go to the CBTF and take a programming (or other online) test that is auto-graded on the spot. This is very secure and has little overhead for faculty. It also automatically handles disability accommodations like extended time tests and reduced distraction requirements, and if students are sick then they can automatically reschedule their own exams. We currently run about 70,000 exams per term like this and it's heavily used by our largest classes (over 1000 students in a class). More details here: http://zilles.cs.illinois.edu/papers/zilles_csedu_cbtf_2019....
For OP, we've also been using Zoom-based proctoring options for students/courses that can't use the CBTF for some reason. I'd be happy to follow up with you if you want more details about how we make this work at scale.
For OP, we've also been using Zoom-based proctoring options for students/courses that can't use the CBTF for some reason. I'd be happy to follow up with you if you want more details about how we make this work at scale.