Where can one learn more about this technique of equating bits to pieces of information? I get that it's used in various contexts like cryptography, randomness, compression, games of Guess Who, etc. but basically just nod in fake agreement when someone formally describes a system this way. Like what first principles did you use to make this statement:
It takes 33 bits to pick out one human from everyone alive
Is it basically just 2^33 > ~8 billion humans, therefore that's the minimum information context to identify a single individual? But then what counts as an information bit - any valid Yes/No question? And how do you calculate the bit value of a piece of info (i.e. 3 bits for the knowledge of playing chess)?
It takes 33 bits to pick out one human from everyone alive
Is it basically just 2^33 > ~8 billion humans, therefore that's the minimum information context to identify a single individual? But then what counts as an information bit - any valid Yes/No question? And how do you calculate the bit value of a piece of info (i.e. 3 bits for the knowledge of playing chess)?