I'm not sure what Python has to do with functional programming, even remotely. It basically contains none of the typical building blocks for functional programming (immutable data, real lambdas, pattern matching, sane scoping, etc.). Python has weird scoping, weird lambdas, and fully on mutability.
Regarding static versus dynamic functional programming, I think dynamic typing is probably oversold in that most dynamic programs could be static programs with very little effort. Where dynamic types really shine are at boundaries of programs. Dynamic types are very useful for handling messages, I/O, data formats, etc.
I actually think an ideal language would be one that is at its core a statically typed functional language, but then it has dynamic types allowed at the above stated boundaries. Then there could be some explicit conversion layer or solution that moves values from one side to the other.
Basically all other uses of dynamic typing can be solved in a statically typed language that has anonymous types like anonymous records and anonymous discriminated unions and some sort of "umbrella" or "shared" type such as interfaces, generics, and/or typeclasses, for example.
Regarding static versus dynamic functional programming, I think dynamic typing is probably oversold in that most dynamic programs could be static programs with very little effort. Where dynamic types really shine are at boundaries of programs. Dynamic types are very useful for handling messages, I/O, data formats, etc.
I actually think an ideal language would be one that is at its core a statically typed functional language, but then it has dynamic types allowed at the above stated boundaries. Then there could be some explicit conversion layer or solution that moves values from one side to the other.
Basically all other uses of dynamic typing can be solved in a statically typed language that has anonymous types like anonymous records and anonymous discriminated unions and some sort of "umbrella" or "shared" type such as interfaces, generics, and/or typeclasses, for example.