Required reading for all of the "I could code up Twitter in a weekend" -types.
The long listen queue -> multiple queued up retries feedback loop is a classic: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc896 TCP/IP "congestion collapse" and the 1986 Internet meltdown [various sources]
The long listen queue -> multiple queued up retries feedback loop is a classic: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc896 TCP/IP "congestion collapse" and the 1986 Internet meltdown [various sources]