Just to add a little data from personal experience... About 4 years back I ran a small study in grad school where I was trying to find some alternative to ads. For a survey I basically asked "how much would you be willing to pay to view websites without ads".
I bucketed the responses to something along the lines of greater than $1, $.75, $.5, $.25, $.01 or nothing.
What I was (secretly) hoping was that people would be willing to pay something like a cent for a page view, since I was building a prototype for a more user friendly anti-adblocker, seeing that many websites started to deploy their own back then, and hating that there was no middle ground.
However, what I found was that people were unwilling to pay anything for a page view. I think the author actually mentions this as a failed alternative model.
Point being it really seems like people have decided/agreed that they prefer the ad model to anything else. Even if it means that the cost of serving ads is actually higher (in terms of bandwidth) than what it would cost to just pay a cent or two cents or whatever for pageviews.
I bucketed the responses to something along the lines of greater than $1, $.75, $.5, $.25, $.01 or nothing.
What I was (secretly) hoping was that people would be willing to pay something like a cent for a page view, since I was building a prototype for a more user friendly anti-adblocker, seeing that many websites started to deploy their own back then, and hating that there was no middle ground.
However, what I found was that people were unwilling to pay anything for a page view. I think the author actually mentions this as a failed alternative model.
Point being it really seems like people have decided/agreed that they prefer the ad model to anything else. Even if it means that the cost of serving ads is actually higher (in terms of bandwidth) than what it would cost to just pay a cent or two cents or whatever for pageviews.