Comment by educationcto

In Chicago especially (where the study was based and where I live), police fairly clearly have an overuse of force in general. They have paid enormous sums over many years in lawsuits for wrongful use of force. There is plenty of research to show that when confronted with complex problems police will respond with force when other tactics may have been better for all (such as cited in this book - https://www.npr.org/2019/01/02/681606995/punishment-without-... )