I sincerely hope you are joking but I realize this mindset is quite common these days, so let me reiterate: Rust does not magically solve problems for you. Btrfs has a lot of issues and some of them may well be of the not possible in Rust sort, but I'm quite sure most of them are not and there is nothing Rust can fix about them. Rewriting a 13 years old and very complex thing in another language is a massive effort and a big opportunity for introducing some more, possibly worse bugs along the way.
EDIT: also see panpanna's comment