A similar anticipatory mechanism exists for thirst quenching. We feel a decrease in thirst the moment we drink water but in reality it takes tens of minutes for the osmotic landscape to change with that newly ingested water.[1]
I also think it is overeager to take this result and run with it to condemn artificial sweeteners. It has been known for long that they can indeed increase cravings and cautioned against for dieters. However, the initial intake of food is only one part of the glucose metabolism. How much actual glucose is left in your bloodstream, muscles and liver (in the form of glycogen) will keep effecting your energy metabolism for days if you've ingested real, bioavailable sugars, with all the downstream consequences e.g. for weight loss.
I also think it is overeager to take this result and run with it to condemn artificial sweeteners. It has been known for long that they can indeed increase cravings and cautioned against for dieters. However, the initial intake of food is only one part of the glucose metabolism. How much actual glucose is left in your bloodstream, muscles and liver (in the form of glycogen) will keep effecting your energy metabolism for days if you've ingested real, bioavailable sugars, with all the downstream consequences e.g. for weight loss.
[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6014472/