I use Roam [0] with Neuracache [1] to get a similar workflow to what you're describing. My notes are hierarchical and searchable w/ Roam. If I want to create an Anki entry, I add #flashcard anywhere in the note. I use secondary tags and links to further categorize these notes. The next time I import my Roam db to Neuracache all #flashcard entries are synced.
[0] https://roamresearch.com/ [1] https://neuracache.com/