Chemistry/materials science: room-temperature superconductivity is probably the big one. There are a whole host of problems in the energy space which would benefit from improvement; while "electricity+CO2+water => fuel" is feasible at the moment it's uneconomic. Can it be done at close to the theoretical minimum energy input in a plant that's scalable and cheap to build?
IC design: is continually solving previously unsolved problems like EUV lithography, but has struggled for years with trying to go "3D" to overcome density issues. Also, is photonic computing feasible and would it achieve lower energy usage?
Chemistry/materials science: room-temperature superconductivity is probably the big one. There are a whole host of problems in the energy space which would benefit from improvement; while "electricity+CO2+water => fuel" is feasible at the moment it's uneconomic. Can it be done at close to the theoretical minimum energy input in a plant that's scalable and cheap to build?
IC design: is continually solving previously unsolved problems like EUV lithography, but has struggled for years with trying to go "3D" to overcome density issues. Also, is photonic computing feasible and would it achieve lower energy usage?