Comment by globalc

- XFS: can use checksummed metadata, changed data (bit rot) will not be noticed, unless extra layers like dm-integrity are used

- ext4: same as XFS

- btrfs: can with checksums detect bit rot, not heal it by itself it seems

- ceph: can detect bit rot, not repair. Ceph is for networked systems, no local file system like xfs/ext4/btrfs.