It seems like Canada (for Federal elections at least) and most European countries have voter ID laws [0]. Notably, the UK does not; they scrapped government issued ID cards altogether in 2011([1]). I'm not sure why requiring ID to vote is so controversial in the US.
[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voter_Identification_laws
[1] https://www.gov.uk/identitycards