A field crop planted annually that grows faster or bigger isn't likely to make much of a difference to atmospheric CO2 as it will just release it again after harvest. Perennial plants (those that don't need to be planted each year) are better at sequestering CO2 in the soil, along with other benefits. The Land Institute does work on this, including developing (through traditional plant breeding) a perennial wheat variety which is being trialed [0].
There are other agricultural practices that promote CO2 sequestration in the soil. You might have a look at Project Drawdown, it ranks solutions to climate change based on impact and has a section on food [1] which includes agricultural solutions. For example, Silvopasture [1], ranked #9 overall amongst all solutions, involves integrating trees with livestock pasture. Another one is conservation agriculture (#16) which uses annual crops but promotes soil health in selection of species and method and timing of planting [3].
There are other agricultural practices that promote CO2 sequestration in the soil. You might have a look at Project Drawdown, it ranks solutions to climate change based on impact and has a section on food [1] which includes agricultural solutions. For example, Silvopasture [1], ranked #9 overall amongst all solutions, involves integrating trees with livestock pasture. Another one is conservation agriculture (#16) which uses annual crops but promotes soil health in selection of species and method and timing of planting [3].
[0] https://landinstitute.org/our-work/perennial-crops/
[1] https://www.drawdown.org/solutions/food
[2] https://www.drawdown.org/solutions/food/silvopasture
[3] https://www.drawdown.org/solutions/food/conservation-agricul...