It depends on which dojo you train at. In our (Shotokan) dojo, every couple of lessons or so, someone will ask "but that's illegal in a tournament, right?", to which our sensei laughs and says in a real fight there's no such rules. We are taught to end any fight in one strike. We are taught to destroy the three weak areas of the human body (can't fight if you can't see, can't fight if you can't breathe, can't fight if you can't walk). We're also taught judo, because most fights end up on the ground. We're taught a wide variety of self-defence moves, most of which end with us taking a joint or two or theirs.
I'm sure there's plenty of Shotokan dojos that don't have such a good sensei though. YMMV.
I'm sure there's plenty of Shotokan dojos that don't have such a good sensei though. YMMV.