Ask HN: What are good computer science papers for fierce debate?

There are countless lists of top computer science papers. Such papers typically describe an elegant solution with clarity. However, they settle the problem so well that they do not lend themselves to fierce discussion and debate.

What are good computer science papers that do spark discussion and debate?

I am thinking about the way that a novel, poem or short story can inspire discussion about its many themes and interpretations. What computer science papers might inspire similar reactions among hackers? Ideally, I'm looking for real computer science papers rather than, say, blog posts which take a controversial stand on hot-button issues.