> But not consuming is bad for the economy, so the invisible hand does its best to prevent reduction and reuse.
That 'the invisible hand' (by which I assume you mean the free market) prevents reuse is simply not true. In a competitive free market you would have companies that would specialise in reuse.
For Apple's products that is exactly what happens: there are actually quite a few companies selling refurbished second hand Apple products (e.g. [1] and [2]), including Apple itself [3]. Of course, regulation sometimes gets in the way: India's prime minister Modi is preventing Apple from selling second hand iPhones in India in an attempt to get them to start producing products in India.
The free market has many short-comings. Preventing reuse is not one of them.
That 'the invisible hand' (by which I assume you mean the free market) prevents reuse is simply not true. In a competitive free market you would have companies that would specialise in reuse. For Apple's products that is exactly what happens: there are actually quite a few companies selling refurbished second hand Apple products (e.g. [1] and [2]), including Apple itself [3]. Of course, regulation sometimes gets in the way: India's prime minister Modi is preventing Apple from selling second hand iPhones in India in an attempt to get them to start producing products in India.
The free market has many short-comings. Preventing reuse is not one of them.
[1] https://leapp.be/nl
[2] https://www.forza-refurbished.be/?gclid=CNb63IaEutMCFSEG0wod...
[3] https://www.apple.com/shop/browse/home/specialdeals/mac
[4] http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/hardware/tim-cook-k...